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Bovine coronavirus

ISSN 2398-2993

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Synonym(s): coronaviridae, BCV, bovine respiratory disease complex

Introduction

Classification

Taxonomy

  • Order: nidovirales.
  • Family: coronaviridae.
  • Sub-family: betacoronavirus 1.
  • Species: bovine coronavirus (BCV).

Etymology

  • Lt: corona-crown.

Distribution

  • Worldwide.
  • Ubiquitous in cattle as determined by seroprevalance data.

Significance

  • BCV causes respiratory and enteric infection resulting in three distinct clinical syndromes in cattle:
  • In adult cattle, BCV infection can be sub-clinical.
  • Calves can also become persistently infected.
  • BCV is believed to be the causal agent in 30% of all bovine diarrhea cases.
  • BCV is involved in the development of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC).
  • The host species affected include cattle, zebu, red deer and roe deer.
    • The disease has also been reported in other species such as Samba deer, white-tailed deer, waterbuck, elk and giraffe.

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Resting Forms

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Clinical Effects

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Diagnosis

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Further Reading

Publications

Refereed Papers

  • Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
  • Saif L J (2010) Bovine Respiratory Coronavirus. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 26 (2), 349-364
  • Ellis J A (2009) Update on viral pathogenesis in BRD. Anim Health Res Rev 10 (2), 149-53 PubMed.
  •  Kapil S & Basaraba R J (1997) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, and respiratory coronavirus. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 13 (3), 455-69 PubMed.
  • Clark M A (1993) Bovine coronavirus. Br Vet J 149 (1), 51-70 PubMed.
  • Saif L J (1990) A review of evidence implicating bovine coronavirus in the etiology of winter dysentery in cows: an enigma resolved? Cornell Vet 80 (4), 303-11 PubMed.
  • Mark H. van Rooij et al (2023) Vaccination of calves at day of birth with attenuated vaccines against bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus and respiratory bovine coronavirus. Vet Vacc .